(1) Precautions for ingredients:

    1) The batching calculation must be carried out correctly and the charge loading should be accurately weighed;

    2) The size of the charge should be proportioned to achieve the purpose of good shape, fast loading and quickening;

   3) All kinds of charge should be used according to the quality requirements of steel and the melting method;

   4) The ingredients of the ingredients should meet the process requirements;

   5) The charge of the charge must ensure that the steel ingot can be filled, and each steel has a specified amount of molten steel to prevent excessive short or surplus steel.

 (2) Ingredients requirements: According to different melting methods, it can be divided into oxidation method, return oxygen blowing method and non-oxidation method. The non-oxidizing ingredients were used in the study.

    When oxidizing by non-oxidation method, the charge should be composed of clean rust, dry steel material return material, return material similar to this steel type, carbon scrap steel and cutting head. The P in the charge should be guaranteed to be 0.005% or less lower than the finished product specification; the carbon is 0.03%-0.06% lower than the finished product specification; the alloying elements should be close to the middle and lower limits of the finished product specification. Usually the comprehensive yield of charge is calculated at 98%.

(3) Calculation of ingredients

      The first step: determine the amount of steel:

              Steel output = (steel ingot weight × steel ingot count + residual weight)

              The residual weight is about 0.5%-1.0% of the steel output (the upper limit of the furnace capacity is small)

      Step 2: Calculate the charge loading:

              Charge loading = steel output / steel material comprehensive yield - ∑ addition of ferroalloy

              Adding iron alloy amount = steel output amount × (control content - furnace content) / (iron alloy composition × yield)

      The third step: calculate the amount of various charge materials

             Various charge distribution = loading amount × ratio of various materials